Anova Hypothesis Testing Paper Essay Example

Anova Hypothesis Testing Paper Essay Example Anova Hypothesis Testing Paper Essay Anova Hypothesis Testing Paper Essay ANOVA Hypothesis Testing Paper RES/342 July 5, 2011 University of Phoenix ANOVA Hypothesis Testing Paper According to Payscale. com an individual with a high school education entering the work force will earn less than an individual with the same level of education who has worked longer in that particular field (Harrison, 2010). Team A has selected data from the Wages and Wage Earners data set and will be using the analysis of variance, also known as ANOVA, to compare the mean of age groups 18 63 which were broken down into four age groups to compare the average salary of each age group and will determine the accuracy of Payscale’s claim. In this paper we discuss our research question and the hypothesis and show how we concluded the selected hypothesis. Research Question and Hypothesis Statement Is there a difference in earned wages for workers with a 12th grade education based on the age of the worker? At a five percent level of significance (? ), the team’s null hypothesis (H0) is that the mean scores are the same for the four groups 18-25, 26-33, 36-44, and 46-53. The alternate hypothesis (H1) is that at least one mean is different. These hypotheses are simply illustrated as: H0: ? roup 1 = ? group 2 = ? group 3 = ? group 4, H1: At least one mean is different. Five Steps Hypothesis Testing and Results of F Test Team A conducted the following steps to test their hypothesis. Step 1 – The null and alternate hypotheses: H0: ? group 1 = ? group 2 = ? group 3 = ? group 4 H1: At least one mean is different Step 2 – Select the level of significance: ? = . 05 Step 3 –Identify test statistic: Use the â€Å"F† distribution because this is an ANOVA test Step 4 – Formulate the decision rule Reject the null hypothesis if F-calculated is greater than 2. 85 (F-critical) Step # 5 – Calculate the test statistic, arrive at a decision, and state a conclusion: Degrees of freedom in the numerator: df= c-1= 4-1= 3 Degrees of freedom in the denominator: df = n-c = 43-4 = 39 Decision is to retain the null hypothesis. Conclusion is that a difference cannot be proven between wages of workers with a 12th grade education based upon age. p-value = 0. 086 Excel Output: Anova: Single Factor | | | | | | |SUMMARY | | | | | | | |Groups |Count |Sum |Average |Variance | | | |Group 1 |9 |165739 |18415. 44 |75696297 | | | |Group 2 |15 |349791 |23319. |75244077 | | | |Group 3 |9 |249868 |27763. 11 |1. 03E+08 | | | |Group 4 |10 |306802 |30680. 2 |2. 28E+08 | | | |ANOVA | | | | | | | |Source of Variation |SS |df |MS |F |P-value |F critical | |Between Groups |8. 4E+08 |3 |2. 75E+08 |2. 358418 |0. 086439 |2. 845068 | |Within Groups |4. 54E+09 |39 |1. 16E+08 | | | | |Total |5. 36E+09 |42 |   |   |   |   | | | | | | | | | Raw Data and Charts Wages and Wage Earners 2005 Data Set Yearly |Group 1 |Group 2 |Group 3 |Group 4 | |Wages | | | | | | |$11,186. 00 |$11,451. 00 |$18,121. 00 |$9,879. 00 | | |$20,852. 00 |$29,191. 00 |$26,614. 00 |$49,898. 0 | | |$14,476. 00 |$41,780. 00 |$33,411. 00 |$20,852. 00 | | |$16,667. 00 |$13,312. 00 |$22,485. 00 |$32,235. 00 | | |$15,234. 00 |$15,957. 00 |$21,994. 00 |$50,171. 00 | | |$39,888. 00 |$25,166. 00 |$28,440. 0 |$31,702. 00 | | |$13,162. 00 |$30,308. 00 |$50,187. 00 |$36,178. 00 | | |$20,793. 00 |$21,716. 00 |$31,799. 00 |$12,285. 00 | | |$13,481. 00 |$28,219. 00 |$16,817. 00 |$45,976. 00 | | | |$31,691. 0 | |$17,626. 00 | | | |$17,690. 00 | | | | | |$16,796. 00 | | | | | |$32,094. 00 | | | | | |$15,193. 0 | | | | | |$19,227. 00 | | | References Harrison, H. (2010). The Average Salary of High School Graduates. Retrieved July 2, 2011, from ehow. com/facts_5232664_average-salary-high-school-graduates. html [pic] Reject H0 Do not reject H0  ± =. 05 F = 2. 85 H0 ? =. 05 F = 2. 85

Free Essays on Audrey Flack

Audrey Flack Audrey Flack is often referred to as one of the leading artists of Photorealism. In the 1960s, Audrey Flack began her career in the realm of Photorealistic art even though her earlier training was in abstract expressionism. She interpreted the photographs but reworked them into more expressive representations. Audrey Flack was born in New York City in 1931. She knew she wanted to be an artist even as a child. Despite her family’s lack of enthusiasm she pursued her art career. â€Å"Flack attended the High School of Music and Art, where she won the St. Gaudens medal† (Sheldon 1.) â€Å"Following graduation from Cooper unions she where she was a top student, she was recruited by Josef Albers to participate in the fine arts program at Yale† (Sheldon 1). Josef Albers is a renowned color abstractionist. This didn’t stop her from painting realistic things and she returned to figurative painting as early as 1952. Flack graduated from Yale University’s School of Art and Architecture in 1952 with a B.F.A. Flack also received her doctorate in 1977 from Cooper Union. After Cooper Union, Flack moved back to New York to study anatomy at the Art Students League. This gave her a chance to respond to her desire to paint realistically. This technique was ignored in her previous art education. â€Å"Flack writes: ‘I always wanted to draw realistically. For me art is a continuous discovery into reality, an exploration of visual data which has been going on for centuries, each artist contributing to the next generation’s advancement. I wanted to go a step further and extend the boundaries. I also believe people have a deep need to understand their world and that art clarifies reality for them† (Sheldon 1.) Flack has long since moved beyond the strict regulations of what photore... Free Essays on Audrey Flack Free Essays on Audrey Flack Audrey Flack Audrey Flack is often referred to as one of the leading artists of Photorealism. In the 1960s, Audrey Flack began her career in the realm of Photorealistic art even though her earlier training was in abstract expressionism. She interpreted the photographs but reworked them into more expressive representations. Audrey Flack was born in New York City in 1931. She knew she wanted to be an artist even as a child. Despite her family’s lack of enthusiasm she pursued her art career. â€Å"Flack attended the High School of Music and Art, where she won the St. Gaudens medal† (Sheldon 1.) â€Å"Following graduation from Cooper unions she where she was a top student, she was recruited by Josef Albers to participate in the fine arts program at Yale† (Sheldon 1). Josef Albers is a renowned color abstractionist. This didn’t stop her from painting realistic things and she returned to figurative painting as early as 1952. Flack graduated from Yale University’s School of Art and Architecture in 1952 with a B.F.A. Flack also received her doctorate in 1977 from Cooper Union. After Cooper Union, Flack moved back to New York to study anatomy at the Art Students League. This gave her a chance to respond to her desire to paint realistically. This technique was ignored in her previous art education. â€Å"Flack writes: ‘I always wanted to draw realistically. For me art is a continuous discovery into reality, an exploration of visual data which has been going on for centuries, each artist contributing to the next generation’s advancement. I wanted to go a step further and extend the boundaries. I also believe people have a deep need to understand their world and that art clarifies reality for them† (Sheldon 1.) Flack has long since moved beyond the strict regulations of what photore...